دانلود‌ مقالۀویژگی‌های مکانیکی نانوسیم‌ها و نانوتسمه‌ها

چکیده انگلیسی مقاله :

Because of the high size and structure selectivity of
nanomaterials, their physical properties could be quite
diverse, depending on their atomic-scale structure, size,
and chemistry.[1] To maintain and utilize the basic and
technological advantages offered by the size specificity
and selectivity of the nanomaterials, there are three key
challenges that we need to overcome for the future technological
applications of nanomaterials. First, synthesis
of size, morphology and structurally controlled nanomaterials,
which are likely to have the precisely designed
and controlled properties. Secondly, novel techniques for
characterizing the properties of individual nanostructures
and their collective properties.[2] This is essential for
understanding the characteristics of the nanostructures.
Finally, integration of nanomaterials with the existing
technology is the most important step for their applications,
especially in nanoscale electronics and optoelectronics.
Characterizing the mechanical properties of individual
nanotubes/nanowires/nanobelt [called one-dimensional (1-
D) nanostructure] is a challenge to many existing testing
and measuring techniques because of the following
constrains. First, the size (diameter and length) is rather
small, prohibiting the applications of the well-established
testing techniques. Tensile and creep testing require that
the size of the sample be sufficiently large to be clamped
rigidly by the sample holder without sliding. This is impossible
for 1-D nanomaterials using conventional means.
Secondly, the small size of the nanostructure makes their
manipulation rather difficult, and specialized techniques
are needed for picking up and installing individual
nanostructure. Therefore new methods and methodologies
must be developed to quantify the properties of individual
nanostructure. The objective of this chapter is to introduce
the theory and techniques that have developed for characterizing
the mechanical properties of individual nanotubes/
nanowires/nanobelt using in situ transmission electron
microscopy (TEM)..